سلام بردردانه غریب زهرا

Hazrat Abulfadhl Al-Abbas’s loyalty was most clearly manifested when he went to the Euphrates River but abstained from drinking water. The well-known narration of the event, which is widely related to by the people, is that Imam Hussain (as) sent Hazrat Abulfadhl to fetch water. However, what I have read in authentic versions of the narration—like those of “Irshad” by Mufid and “Lohoof” by Ibn Tawous—is slightly different from the common narration, probably highlighting the significance of the event. In these authentic books it has been narrated that in the last moments, rather in the last hour, while thirst had compelled the little children so much–little girls and others in the camps–that Imam Hussain (as) and Abulfadhl (as) took it upon themselves and left together to fetch water. Hazrat Abulfadhl did not go alone, in other words; Imam Hussain (as) accompanied Abulfadhl towards the Euphrates River—a branch of the Euphrates which flowed through that region—in hopes of obtaining water for the camp site.

These two courageous and strong brothers fought while backing each other on the battle field. Imam Hussain (as) was about sixty years old, but he was among famous unique men in terms of his power and courage. His brother Abulfadhl al-Abbas was in his 30’s with all these outstanding features known to everyone. These two brothers would fight side by side, and back to back, in the midst of the enemy’s army, moving into the waves of enemy lines, breaking them. They did so in order to reach to the Euphrates in hopes they could get some water. It was in the midst of this challenging battle that Imam Hussain realized, suddenly, that the enemy had created a gap between him and his brother Abulfadhl Al-Abbas. It was also in the midst of those tough moments that Abulfadhl got closer to water and reached the Euphrates. As it has been narrated, he filled the water pouch to take it back to the camp. Anyone would agree he had the right to drink a fistful of water to sooth his own thirst, but he demonstrated his loyalty in that moment.

When Abulfadhl Al-Abbas was filling his palms with water, when he looked at the water, he remembered Imam Hussain’s lips, dry from thirst; maybe he remembered the little girls and other children screaming out for thirst. Maybe he remembered Ali Asghar crying out for thirst and he could not allow himself to drink water. He poured the fresh water onto his hands, it seeped out and back into the river before he left. It was when he was leaving the river that the enemy targeted him, and all those horrible events unraveled. Suddenly Imam Hussain (as) heard his brother from the midst of the enemy’s army calling out to him: “O’ Brother! Help your brother!”

Ayatollah Khamenei, April 14, 2000

The Revolution’s Causes
The motives for revolution were numerous. Some were direct grievances of the general people while others were ideological. The following were the most apparent:
1. There were many defects and drawbacks but the most urgent one was the attempt to distort Islamic concepts and ideals. This aspect was of extreme importance and preoccupied the minds of responsible Muslims at the time. The fabrication of Hadith was all too common, which had a poisonous effect on the lives of Muslims. This, was giving the Umayyads for a while a free hand to carry out their inhuman deeds and policies. The mask of religion which they used to hide their un-Islamic conduct was extremely dangerous. In the long run, this could have changed Islamic concepts of ruling and inverted social ideals. Thus stripping off this mask and exposing the true Umayad’s picture was of utmost necessity.
2. The State’s structure was built on an un-Islamic basis. Quraish was born to rule, Arabs were second class citizens, and non-Arabs constituted the base of the society’s pyramid. That was the general social picture of, the Muslim world under the Umayyads dynasty. Freedom of thought and expression were denied, When one dared to express an opinion contrary to that of the Umayyad’s, prison became his home, his property was robbed, and oven his life was at stake.
3. The Umayyads considered the Muslim world to be their own property. The aims (Zakat) and other Islamic dues were collected, but no-one knows or can question where that money went. Large gifts and donations were given to few cruel governors and tribal chiefs in order to secure their allegiance. Large sums of money were wastefully spent on racing, gambling, wine-making, and buying slave women to entertain high-class people in power. Hence, the majority of Muslims were left near starvation level while the ruling group all enjoyed the social and material privileges.
4. The Muslims had apparently got used to the un-Islamic rule of the Umayyads as time passed by. Their resistance slackened and some people began adjusting themselves to the new conditions. Hence, the revolutionary spirit of Islam began to disappear gradually from Muslims’ lives and thoughts. Therefore, a new stimulant to their souls was necessary to activate their lives and try to restore, Islamic conduct to the society

As the enemies had the body of Imam Hussain (as) surrounded, each took their turn stabbing his pure defenseless body, laid out on the ground; thus, while viciousness, revengefulness, and feral behavior swept through the battle field, in the camps of Imam Hussain (as) the spirit of remembrance in God, the human quality of tenderness, and intense emotions prevailed.

All women and children—no one but women and children were left in the camps, with the exception of the only surviving male Ali Ibn Hussain (as) who was ill—were worried about Hussain Ibn Ali (as) and what would transpire next.

They came out of their tents, and proceeded to the area where they believed Hussain Ibn Ali’s (as) body was seized; it has been narrated that the women departed from the camp. You have probably seen or heard how Arab women weep and mourn: it is still common among Arab women to mourn painfully upon the death of their loved ones; they beat their own faces, and pull at their hair; they mourn in such an intense manner. Well, these women had lost a loved one, a man like Hussain Ibn Ali (as).

Hazrat Zeinab was heading the women towards the sight of his martyrdom. When she arrived, she spotted the body of her beloved brother on the blistering grounds of Karbala. Instead of revealing some sort of reaction, or grievance, she went to the corpse of her beloved Hussain (as), and called on her grandfather (pbuh). She said, “O’ the Messenger of God, peace be upon you! Take a look at your Hussain who is covered in blood, with his body hacked up.” O’ my dear grandfather! O’ Great Prophet, look towards the hot desert of Karbala. This is your Hussain who is now covered in blood and dust.

Then, as it has been narrated, Zeinab (as) reached her hands beneath the body of Hussain Ibn Ali (as) and called out, “O’ God! Please accept this sacrifice from the progeny of Muhammad (saw)!”

Ayatollah Khamenei, 9/27/1985

Of course this is easier said than done. What Imam Hussein (a.s.) did was an extraordinary feat. That is to say, the dimensions of his action are far more than what we estimate. We usually ignore aspects and details. Once I spoke about Imam Hussein’s (a.s.) patience. His patience was not limited to enduring thirst or seeing his companions being killed. These things are relatively easy to tolerate. The kind of patience that is difficult to practice is to listen to influential, aware and respectable people who keep creating doubts and telling you that what you are doing is dangerous and wrong. Who did those things? People like Abdullah Ja’far, Abdullah Zubair and Abdullah Abbas. These prominent figures of that time were constantly telling Imam Hussein (a.s.) not to do what he was doing. If it were somebody else, somebody who did not have that determination and stable character, he would have thought, “Well, I did my duty. These people are talking like this and the world is acting like that, so I should just say what I am supposed to say and do nothing else.” A person who decides to stand up against such statements, such temptations, such doubts and such efforts to bend sharia and is not dissuaded from continuing his path - such a person is the one who can give rise to such a great transformation. In this regard our magnanimous Imam (r.a.) was similar to the Lord of the Martyrs. I explained this in another meeting and I do not want to go into the details now. This was how Imam Hussein (a.s.) acted as a guardian.

What is Muharram?
Muharram (Arabic: محرم) It is the first month of the Islamic calendar. Instead of joyous celebration, Muslims mark the beginning of the New Year by taking up the black attire of sorrow and participate in mourning gatherings in which the sacrifices of Husain and his companions are commemorated. It is one of the four months of the year in which fighting is prohibited. Since the Islamic calendar is lunar, Muharram moves from year to year when compared with the Gregorian calendar.
Muharram is so called because it was unlawful to fight during this month; the word is derived from the word ‘haram’ meaning forbidden. It is held to be the most sacred of all the months, excluding Ramadan.It is the same month when Husayn, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, was brutally massacred in Karbala alongside his family and friends in the year 680 CE/61 AH.

محرم اولین ماه از تقویم اسلامی است. مسلمانان به جای مراسم شادی، سال جدید را با پوشیدن لباس سیاه که حاکی از غم و اندوه است آغاز می کنند و در مراسم  عزاداری  که در آن فداکاری امام حسین و یارانش یادآوری می شود، شرکت می کنند..این ماه یکی از چهار ماه حرام است که در آن جنگ حرام است.از آنجاییکه تقویم اسلامی قمری است، محرم در مقایسه با تقویم میلادی سال به سال در حرکت است.

محرم ماه شناخته شده ای است چون در این ماه جنگ و خونریزی حرام است. واژه محرم از کلمه “حرام” گرفته شده است که به معنای ممنوع می باشد .بعد از ماه رمضان ، محرم از مقدس ترین ماه هاست .محرم ماهی است که امام حسین نوه پیامبر اسلام حضرت محمد به همراه خانواده و دوستانش در سال شصت و یک هجری در کربلا ، بیرحمانه به  شهادت رسیدند .

 

Their martyrdom is a sad day for all Muslims, especially the Shi’a, who hold mourning ceremonies to recall the righteous virtues for which the valiant martyrs stood and the grave calamities that they thus had to bear. The commemoration of this brutal massacre (Battle of Karbala) begins on the first day of Muharram and reaches its climax on the 10th of Muharram, the day of the battle, known as Ashurah and continues for 40 days or 69 days.

شهادت آنها روز غم انگیزی برای مسلمانان به ویژه شیعیان است که مراسم عزاداری یادآوری فداکاری و تقوای مردان شجاعی است که مقاومت کردند و مصائب بزرگی را تحمل کردند. بزرگداشت واقعه کربلا، از اول محرم شروع می شود و در روزدهم به اوج خود می رسد که “عاشورا” –روزی که جنگرخ می دهد- نام دارد به اوج خود می رسد و سپس به مدت چهل یا شصت ونه روز ادامه پیدا می کند.